Molecular Orbital Diagram Generator
Build a labeled MO diagram from plain text
Describe a molecule and AI draws a clean molecular orbital energy-level diagram — atomic orbitals, bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals, and filled electrons, all labeled and ready for chemistry homework, slides, and exams.
Molecular orbital diagram examples
Click any example to load its prompt, or use it as a starting point for your own MO diagram.
What does this molecular orbital diagram generator do?
It turns a description of a molecule into a clean, labeled molecular orbital (MO) energy-level diagram — the picture chemists use to explain bonding, bond order, and magnetism. You name the molecule (and any details you want, such as the ordering or which electrons are unpaired), and the AI draws the atomic orbitals on each side, the bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals stacked by energy in the middle, and the electrons filled in as paired arrows — without fighting with drawing software.
Why use an MO diagram generator
- MO diagrams are a core topic in general and inorganic chemistry, drawn constantly for homework and exams.
- Lining up orbital energy levels and arrows by hand is fiddly and easy to get wrong.
- A clean diagram makes bond order, HOMO/LUMO, and paramagnetism easy to read.
- Instructors and tutors need quick, correct diagrams for slides and worksheets.
- Regenerating from text is far faster than re-aligning levels every time you change the molecule.
How to make a molecular orbital diagram
Name the molecule and the valence orbitals involved (for second-row diatomics, the 2s and 2p orbitals). Mention the ordering you expect — for N2 and lighter diatomics the pi2p orbitals sit below sigma2p because of s-p mixing, while for O2 and F2 the sigma2p is lower. State the number of valence electrons so they fill correctly from the bottom up. Generate the diagram, then check the bond order (bonding minus antibonding electrons, divided by two) and that any unpaired electrons land in the right orbitals. Refine the wording and regenerate as needed.
Parts of a molecular orbital diagram
- Atomic orbitals — the starting orbitals of each atom, drawn on the left and right.
- Bonding molecular orbitals (sigma, pi) — lower-energy combinations in the centre.
- Antibonding molecular orbitals (sigma*, pi*) — higher-energy combinations.
- Electrons — paired up/down arrows filling orbitals from lowest energy first.
- Energy axis — the vertical scale ordering all orbitals.
- Bond order & labels — annotations summarising bonding and stability.
Molecular Orbital Diagram Generator FAQ
What is a molecular orbital diagram?
A molecular orbital (MO) diagram is an energy-level diagram that shows how the atomic orbitals of the atoms in a molecule combine into bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals, and how electrons fill them. It is used to explain bond order, stability, and magnetic properties.
Can it draw diagrams for N2, O2, CO, and other diatomics?
Yes. Just name the molecule — N2, O2, F2, CO, NO, H2, HF and similar diatomics are all supported. Mention the orbital ordering or number of valence electrons if you want to be precise, and the diagram fills electrons accordingly.
Does it handle the s-p mixing ordering?
Yes. For lighter second-row diatomics (up to N2) the pi2p orbitals lie below sigma2p due to s-p mixing, while for O2 and F2 the sigma2p is lower. State which ordering you expect in your description and the diagram follows it.
Can I show why O2 is paramagnetic?
Yes. Ask for O2 with its 12 valence electrons and the diagram places the final two electrons unpaired in the degenerate pi* antibonding orbitals — the classic explanation for oxygen's paramagnetism.
Is it suitable for chemistry homework and exams?
Yes. It produces clean, labeled MO diagrams suitable for assignments, lab reports, and slides. Always check the orbital ordering, electron count, and bond order against your course material before submitting.
Is it free?
Each generation uses a small number of credits. New accounts get free credits, so you can make a molecular orbital diagram without any subscription.
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