Prompt Description

Patients with lower limb paralysis following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) face a significantly elevated risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), potentially leading to pulmonary embolism and increased mortality and disability. This review systematically synthesizes the past decade's evidence regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and prevention of DVT in AIS patients with lower limb paralysis. The pathogenesis of DVT in this population is multifactorial, involving venous stasis from immobility, stroke-induced hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, neutrophil extracellular trap-mediated immunothrombosis, and autonomic dysregulation. Effective prevention necessitates individualized risk stratification incorporating clinical assessment, biomarkers, and imaging. Current prophylactic strategies include pharmacological anticoagulation (primarily low-molecular-weight heparin), mechanical interventions (such as intermittent pneumatic compression), and early mobilization and rehabilitation.