Prompt Description

Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health concern strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality. Traditional obesity indices, such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), incompletely assess adiposity risk in CKD. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a relatively new anthropometric measure, but its prognostic value in CKD has not been fully determined. This study investigates the association between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and mortality outcomes—both CVD-specific and all-cause—among individuals with CKD. This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005–2018) and the National Death Index (NDI). During a median follow-up of 79 months, among 5,381 participants, higher WWI quartiles were associated with progressively elevated risks of CVD (highest vs. lowest quartile OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.39–2.34) and mortality (CVD HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.15–2.60; all-cause HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.22–)