
Design a clean, high-resolution graphical abstract suitable for journal publication (flat scientific style, soft gradients, white background, minimal decorative elements) illustrating an AI-integrated dark fermentation–microbial electrolysis cell (DF–MEC) system for biohydrogen production. Layout (4 vertical panels, left → right): Panel 1 – Circular Feedstock Input: Icons representing food waste, livestock manure, and wastewater converging into a funnel labeled "high-strength organic waste," emphasizing a circular bioeconomy approach. Employ minimal labeling and standardized scientific icons. Panel 2 – Two-Stage Bioprocess: Top: Dark Fermentation reactor depicting H₂ production and VFA-rich effluent generation (simple arrows, gas bubbles). Bottom: Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) illustrating anode oxidation of VFAs, electron flow through an external circuit, proton transport across a membrane, and hydrogen evolution at the cathode. Utilize schematic electrochemical symbols and minimal annotations. Panel 3 – AI-Enabled Intelligence & System Integration (Core Focus): Central AI
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to diffuse se...